The iguana, a reptile belonging to the family Iguanidae, encompasses a diverse group of species known for their distinctive appearance and behavior. Found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions, iguanas exhibit a range of sizes, from the diminutive Lesser Antillean iguana to the imposing green iguana. Characterized by their elongated bodies, sharp claws, and unique dewlaps or throat fans, iguanas are well-adapted to their arboreal or terrestrial habitats. Renowned for their herbivorous diet, iguanas consume leaves, fruits, and flowers, showcasing their crucial role in local ecosystems as seed dispersers.

Among the notable species is the marine iguana of the Galápagos Islands, the only iguana that forages underwater for algae. On land, iguanas are adept climbers, utilizing their strong limbs and prehensile tails to navigate tree canopies or rocky terrain. The green iguana, with its vibrant green hue and striking dorsal spines, is a widespread and iconic representative of the iguana family. These cold-blooded reptiles play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance, contributing to seed dispersal and serving as prey for various predators. As fascinating members of the reptilian order, iguanas continue to intrigue researchers, conservationists, and wildlife enthusiasts with their diverse adaptations and ecological significance in the ecosystems they inhabit.