The iguana, a reptile belonging to the family Iguanidae, encompasses various species known for their distinctive features and widespread distribution. These cold-blooded creatures are primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions of Central and South America, though some species inhabit islands in the Pacific and the Caribbean. Recognized for their unique appearance, iguanas typically exhibit long tails, a dorsal crest of spines, and dewlaps, which are loose flaps of skin under their throats. Their coloration varies, often serving as effective camouflage in their natural habitats.

Iguanas are herbivores, predominantly consuming leaves, fruits, and flowers. With sharp claws and strong jaws, they adeptly navigate their surroundings and efficiently process their plant-based diet. Many iguana species are arboreal, spending a significant amount of time in trees, while others are more terrestrial. Their adaptability to diverse environments and behaviors contribute to their success as a group of reptiles. Notably, iguanas are known for their ability to regulate body temperature by basking in the sun or seeking shade, a behavior crucial for their physiological well-being. As a result of their intriguing characteristics and ecological roles, iguanas are subjects of interest for researchers studying reptilian biology and enthusiasts captivated by the diversity within this reptilian family.