The flag of San Marino, one of the world’s smallest republics, is a simple yet meaningful representation of its historical and cultural identity. Adopted on April 6, 1862, the flag consists of two horizontal bands, white (top) and light blue (bottom), with the country’s coat of arms in the center of the white band. The design reflects the significance of the nation’s heritage and its enduring commitment to freedom and independence.

The blue and white colors on the San Marino flag have been associated with the country since the medieval era. The white color represents the snow-covered peaks of Mount Titano, the highest peak in the Apennine Mountains and the geographical feature around which the republic developed. The blue band symbolizes the sky and the aspiration for liberty. Positioned at the center of the white band, the coat of arms features three mountain towers with ostrich feathers on top, representing the three citadels of San Marino: Guaita, Cesta, and Montale. The coat of arms also includes an oak and laurel wreath, which signifies strength, endurance, and the pursuit of excellence.

The simplicity of the San Marino flag underscores the nation’s commitment to its core values and its unique historical narrative. As one of the world’s oldest republics, San Marino’s flag encapsulates the enduring spirit of its people and their dedication to independence, democratic principles, and the preservation of their cultural heritage in the heart of the Italian Peninsula.